Comments

This bulk of this material is Roman in date. The main forms present are imbrex and tegula, which is roof tile. Also present are fragments which have no particular features, and are consequently identified as ‘brick’, but may infact be fragments of tegula. Therefore, the Roman tile here may point to a building roofed with tile, but there are no hints of a construction such as a hypocaust (which would have flue tiles, large bricks, etc). However, the tile present is quite distinct from that found in the city of York - the fabric being different, and the forms being smaller than the usual large ‘military’ material found in the city. This hints that the material was made when a more localised, civilian, industry had time to establish itself. The fabric, on initial examination, is reminiscent of that from Appletree Farm kiln site (Heworth), which dates from the 2nd century.

Also present are fragments of stone, which may be roofing, although there are no nailholes present. It would be of benefit for a geologist to examine these fragments.

The material from this site deserves further examination, including full recording, and comparison with that from Appletree Farm. It can make a useful contribution to the study of the industries and buildings present in the hinterlands of Roman York.

Context Find Form/s Date

u/s 155 Field drain, cobble, peg, ?med brick, Roman brick 18th+

1007 156 Roman brick, med/post med brick Med+

1012 116 Imbrex Roman

1013 167 Roman brick Roman

1014 157 Roman brick Roman

1037 158 Roman brick Roman

1042 159 Roman brick Roman

1044 160 Tegula Roman

1053 161 Tegula Roman

1059 162 Tegula Roman

1059 163 Tegula, Roman brick Roman

1070 203 Stone ?roof tiles ?

1071 264 Stone ?roof tiles ?

1071 164 Tegula, imbrex Roman

1075 165 Tegula, imbrex, Roman brick Roman

1079 166 Tegula Roman

1081 168 Tegula, imbrex, Roman brick Roman

1081 169 Tegula, imbrex, Roman brick Roman

1081 170 Tegula, imbrex, Roman brick Roman

1087 171 Tegula, imbrex Roman

1094 172 Brick, Plain Med/Post Med

1098 173 Tegula, Roman brick Roman

1102 174 Roman brick Roman

1111 175 Tegula, Roman brick Roman

1117 176 Tegula, imbrex Roman

1120 177 Imbrex Roman

SITE: Rawcliffe Moor YORYM 1996.391

Comments

One stray piece of ceramic building material, a fragment of roof tile was found at this site. The rest of the material submitted was stone, which would benefit from being looked at by a geologist,

Context Find Form/s Date

1166 308 Tegula Roman

1166 310 Stone ?roof tile ?

2087 298 Hone (limestone) ?

2087 315 Stone worked: ?pot lid (limestone) ?

SITE: Thorntree Hill YORYM 1996.393

Comments

This site produced a few pieces of Roman tile , which consisted mostly of Roman roof tile. This may point to a building in the area. It is unlikely to be a substantial building as there is no sign of hypocaust material. The material is not of the large ‘military’ size found in the city of York, and is associated with pottery of a relatively late date so would merit further investigation - comparison with known fabrics and such sites as the Appletree Farm kiln.

There are hints of medieval activity in that there are fragments of plain (which could be peg or nib) roofing tile, and possibly medieval brick.

Context Find Form/s Date

u/s 110 Roman brick, tegula, plain med

u/s 108 Stone (?slate) ?

1004 113 Med/post med brick, plain, daub 14th+

1005 112 Tegula, Roman brick Roman

1000 111 ?Pantile, med/post med brick ?17th+

1007 114 Tegula Roman

1008 115 Roman fragments Roman

sgn

12/96